İmportance in Primary and Secondary Protection of Statin Using on Elderly and Systemic Effects on the Elderly
Objective: Aim of thisreview is to summarizestudiesaboutefficiency of statins on primaryandsecondarypreventionandtheireffects on systems other than cardiovascularsystem.
Material and Methods: Searching studies by typing keywords “statinusing on elderly”, “statin, elderly” and “statins and drug interactions” on “Clinical Key”, “PubMed” and “Google Scholar” databases in Internet. Related case-control studies, cohort studies, metaanalysis, randomized controlled studies and clinical researchs included this review and reviews that published recently excluded from this review.
Results: According to evaluated articles, statins decrease major cardiovascular event incidence, they have positive effects on inflamation, theydecrease bone fracture risk, decreasemortality of people who have diagnosis of bacterial infection. However statins cause to delirium in preoperative period.
Conclusion: As a resulttoomany studies supportthat statins have positive effects on cardiovascular system. But we need more comprehensive studies to support statins’ effects on the other systems.In the future worlds population become elderand dementia, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis become more important health problems.More further researches must be performed to investigate the effects, costeffective nessandadvers eeffects of statinson theese diseases.
References
- Horsmans Y. Differential metabolism of statins: importance in drug-drug interactions. EurHeart J. 1999; 1 (Suppl T): T7-T12.
- Shepherd J, Barter P, Carmena R et al. Effect of lowering LDL cholesterol substantially below currently recommended levels in patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes: the Treating to New Targets (TNT) study. Diabetes Care 2006; 29: 1220-6.
- Deedwania P, Barter P, Carmena R ve ark. For the Treating to New Targets Investigators. Reduction of low- density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with coronary heart disease and metabolic syndrome: analysis of the Treatingto New Targets study. Lancet 2006;368:919-28.
- Rao AD, Milbrandt EB. To JUPITER and beyond: Statins, inflammation and primary prevention. Critical Care 2010;14:310.
- Stepherd J, Blauw GJ, Murphy MB, Cobbe SM, Bollen EL, Buckley BM, Ford I, Jukema JW, Hyland M, Gaw A, Lagaay AM, Perry IJ, Macfarlane PW, Meinders AE, Sweeney BJ, Packard CJ, Westendorp RG, Twomey C, Stott DJ. Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER). Lancet 2002;360:1623-30.
- Ko DT, Mamdani M, Alter DA. Lipid- Lowering Therapy With Statins in High-Risk Elderly Patients The Treatment- Risk Paradox. JAMA 2004; 291:15 (Reprinted)
- Bergman LB, Bergman P, Andersson J, Lindh JD. Statin Treatment and Mortality in Bacterial Infections – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 2010;5(5):10702.
- Redelmeier DA, Thiruchelvam D, Daneman N. Delirium after elective surgery among elderly patients taking statins. CMAJ 2008;179(7):645-52.
- Cramer C, Haan MN, Galea S, Langa KM, Kalbfleisch JD. Use of statins and incidence of dementia and cognitive impairment without dementia in a cohortstudy; Neurology 2008;71(5):344-50.
- Jick H, Zornberg GL, JickSS, Seshadri S, DrachmanDA. Statins and the risk of dementia. The Lancet 2000; 356 (9242): 1627-31.
- Hennessy S, Strom BL. Statins and Fracture Risk. JAMA 2001; 285 (14) (Reprinted).
- Tjeerd- Pietervan S, Sebastiaan W, Frank de V, Bert L, Cyrus C. Use of Statins and Risk of Fractures. JAMA 2001; 285 (14): 1850-5.
- Chan KA, Andrade SE, Boles M, Buist DSM, Chase GA, Donahue JG, Goodman MJ, Gurwitz JH, LaCroix AZ, Platt R. Inhibitors of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase and risk of fracture among older women. The Lancet 2000;355(9222): 2185-8.
- Uzzan B, Cohen R, Nicolas P, Cucherat M, Perret GY. Effects of statins on bone mineral density: a meta-analysis of clinical studies.Bone 2007;40(6):1581-7.
- Scranton RE, Young M, Lawler E, Solomon D, Gagnon D, Gaziano M. Statin Use and Fracture Risk Study of a US Veterans Population; JAMA Internal Medicine 2005;165 (17).
- Ak A. Lipid- lowering therapy with Statins may be associated with Cataract and cataract operation risks. Value in Health 2014;17(3):102.
- Hermans MP, Ahn SA, Rousseau MF. Statin Therapy and Cataract in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes and Metabolism 2011;37.
- Patel AM, Shariff S, Bailey DG, Juurlink DN, Gandhi S, Mamdani M, Gomes T, Fleet J, Hwang YJ, Garg AX. Statintoxicityfrommacrolideantibioticcoprescription: a population- basedcohortstudy.AnnInternMed2013;158(12):869-76.
- Piacentini N, Trifiró G, Tari M, Moretti S, Arcoraci V. Statin-macrolideinteraction risk: a population- basedstudythroughout a general practicedatabase. Eur J ClinPharmacol. 2005;61(8):615-20.
- Tobert JA. Lovastatin and beyond: the history of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2003; 2, 517-26
- Endo, A, Kuroda M, Tsujita Y. ML-236A, ML-236B, and ML-236C, new inhibitors of cholesterogenesis produced by Penicillium citrinium. J. Antibiot 1979;29:1346-8.
- Mandıracıoğlu A. Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de yaşlıların demografik Özellikleri. Ege Tıp Dergisi 2010;49(3):39-45.