Kilolu/Obez Kadınlarda Metabolik Sendrom Sıklığı, Antropometrik Ölçümler Ve Metabolik Parametreler Arasındaki İlişki, Egzersiz Reçetelendirmesi
Amaç: Spor Fizyolojisi Polikliniğine egzersiz reçetesi almak amacıyla başvuran kilolu/obez kadınlarda metabolik sendrom sıklığını belirlemek, bozulan antropometrik ve biyokimyasal ölçümler arasındaki ilişkileri araştırmaktır.
Yöntem: Polikliniğimize başvuran 335 kadın hastanın (18-65 yaş) antropometrik ölçümleri ve biyokimyasal parametreleri değerlendirildi. Hastaların vücut kompozisyonları bioimpedans yöntemi ile ölçüldü (Tanita BC418). Hastalar metabolik sendrom olan (grup 1, n=140) ve olmayan (grup 2, n=185) olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. İstatistiksel olarak homojen kabul edilen parametreler student T testi ile, olmayanlar Mann-Whitney Testi ile karşılaştırıldı. p<0.05 bulunan değerler anlamlı kabul edildi.
Bulgular: Vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ)>25 olan 335 kadın hastanın %43’ü metabolik sendrom olarak saptandı. VKİ=25- 29,9 olanların %1,8’i (n=6), VKİ=30-34,9 olanların %8,4’ü (n=28), VKİ=35-39,9 olanların %12,5’i (n=42), VKİ≥40 olanların %20’si (n=67) metabolik sendrom kriterleri ile uyumluydu. İstatistiksel olarak metabolik sendromu olanların yağ yüzdesi, kilo, yağ ağırlığı, yağsız ağırlık, VKİ, bel çevresi, sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncı, HbA1c, AKŞ, total kolesterol, trigliserit, LDL kolesterol, insülin ortalamaları metabolik sendromu olmayanlara göre anlamlı olarak yüksek, HDL kolesterol ise düşük olarak tespit edildi (p<0,05). Metabolik sendromu olan grupta VKİ ile sistolik kan basıncı arasında anlamlı pozitif bir ilişki görülürken, bel çevresi ile anlamlı ilişki saptanamadı.
Sonuç: Kilolu/obez bireylerin önemli bir kısmı (%43) metabolik sendrom kriterlerine uyuyordu. Egzersiz reçetelendirilmesi öncesi yapılan risk analizinde orta/yüksek risk grubuna giren bu hastaların antropometrik ve biokimyasal ölçümlerinde VKİ ile orantılı belirgin bozukluklar mevcuttu. Çalışmamız kilolu/obez kadınların egzersiz reçetelendirilmesi öncesinde detaylı risk analizi yapılmasının önemine vurgu yapmaktadır.
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