Contraception and Sexuality
Sexual health is a state of physical, mental and social well-being in relation to sexuality. Sexuality is a complex subject with many biological, psychological and social elements. In the presence of sexual activity without a desire to conceive, the need of contraceptive use arises. In general, the use of contraceptives can have a positive influence on sexual function because the fear of pregnancy is eliminated. However, the effects of various contraceptives on sexual function and libido may vary from person to person. As well as studies showing the negative effect of contraceptive use on sexual function, there are studies that show otherwise. The most important aspect of this subject is personalizing the use of contraceptives, counseling, and to take the problem seriously when a negative impact on sexual function is experienced.
References
- Sexual health. http://www.who.int/topics/sexual_health/en/ adresinden 10.4.2011 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
- Davis SR, Guay AT, Shifren JL, Mazer NA. Endocrine aspects of female sexual dysfunction. J Sex Med. 2004;1(1):82-86.
- Burger HG, Hailes J, Menelaus M, Nelson J, Hudson B, Balazs N. The management of persistent menopausal symptoms with oestradiol-testosterone implants: clinical, lipid and hormonal results. Maturitas. 1984;6(4):351-358.
- Shifren JL.The role of androgens in female sexual dysfunction. Mayo Clin Proc 2004;79(4 Suppl):S19-24.
- Bjelica A, Kapamadzija A, Maticki-Sekulić M. Sex hormones and female sexuality. Med Pregl. 2003;56(9-10):446-450.
- Bancroft J, Sartorius N. The effects of oral contraceptives on well-being and sexuality. Oxf Rev Reprod Biol. 1990;12:57-92.
- Oinonen KA, Mazmanian D. To what extent do oral contraceptives influence mood and affect? J Affect Disord. 2002;70(3):229-240.
- Bachmann G, Bancroft J, Braunstein G ve ark. Female androgen insufficiency: the Princeton consensus statement on definition, classification, and assessment. Fertil Steril. 2002;77(4):660-665.
- Strufaldi R, Pompei LM, Steiner MLve ark. Effects of two combined hormonal contraceptives with the same composition and different doses on female sexual function and plasma androgen levels.Contraception. 2010 ;82(2):147-154.
- Caruso S, Agnello C, Intelisano G, Farina M, Di Mari L, Cianci A.Sexual behavior of women taking low-dose oral contraceptive containing 15 microg ethinylestradiol/60 microg gestodene. Contraception. 2004;69(3):237-40.
- Caruso S, Agnello C, Intelisano G ve ark. Prospective study on sexual behavior of women using 30 microg ethinylestradiol and 3 mg drospirenone oral contraceptive. Contraception. 2005;72(1):19-23.
- McCoy NL, Matyas JR. Oral contraceptives and sexuality in university women. Arch Sex Behav. 1996;25(1):73-90.
- Oinonen KA. Putting a finger on potential predictors of oral contraceptive side effects: 2D:4D and middle-phalangeal hair. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2009; ;34(5):713-726.
- Putz DA, Gaulin SJC, Sporter RJ, McBurney DH. Sex hormones and finger length: What does 2D:4D indicate? Evolution and Human Behavior 2004;25(3):182- 199.
- Ott MA, Shew ML, Ofner S, Tu W, Fortenberry JD. The influence of hormonal contraception on mood and sexual interest among adolescents. Arch Sex Behav. 2008;37(4):605-13.
- Schaffir JA, Isley MM, Woodward M. Oral contraceptives vs injectable progestin in their effect on sexual behavior. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;203(6):545.
- Shah MB, Hoffstetter S. Contraception and sexuality. Minerva Ginecol. 2010;62(4):331-47.
- Schaffir J. Hormonal contraception and sexual desire: a critical review. J Sex Marital Ther. 2006;32(4):305-14.
- Li RH, Lo SS, Teh DK, Tong NC, Tsui MH, Cheung KB, Chung TK. Impact of common contraceptive methods on quality of life and sexual function in Hong Kong Chinese women. Contraception. 2004;70(6):474-82.
- Oddens BJ. Women’s satisfaction with birth control: a population survey of physical and psychological effects of oral contraceptives, intrauterine devices, condoms, natural family planning, and sterilization among 1466 women. Contraception 1999;59(5):277-86.