The effect of body dysmorphic disorder, eating disorders and stigma in the obesity epidemic
In this review, our aim is to draw attention to the significance of psychiatric disorders in the obesity epidemic, explain the relationship between eating disorders and body image distortion with obesity, raise awareness about the stigma that may accompany obesity, and emphasize the role of primary care in the treatment of obesity.
A meta-analysis revealed bidirectional relationships between depression and obesity, with a 55% increased risk of depression over time in obese individuals and a 58% increased risk of obesity in individuals experiencing depression. In the literature, it has been noted that individuals with obesity, compared to healthy individuals, may encounter weight discrimination leading to psychological conditions such as anxiety, due to less reported social support. Discrimination against individuals with a high body mass index can lead to dissatisfaction with weight and appearance, serving as a risk factor for accompanying eating disorders. In eating disorders, body dissatisfaction is a significant risk factor It has been suggested that primary care in obesity management can have a significant impact, providing benefits for at least 20% of individuals experiencing weight loss clinically.
Obesity, more prevalent in Western societies, can lead to stigmatization and numerous psychiatric disorders. Conversely, many psychiatric conditions can also contribute to obesity in a cyclic manner. Family physicians being the initial point of contact for various psychiatric illnesses such as depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and body image distortion emphasizes their pivotal role in obesity management. Primary care physicians, who can significantly contribute to the treatment of obesity, can also play a crucial role in preventing mental health disorders that may be alleviated through obesity management.
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